关于口腔溃疡国外的研究

botou(煲头)

Feline stomatitis is a relatively common disease in cats that is, unfortunately, poorly understood. Stomatitis has a general condition that indicates inflammation of the oral cavity. This is a very painful disease; most owners bring in their cats for excessive drooling and lack of appetite. The disease is painful and difficult to manage. The story usually has a happy ending, but getting there can be a rough road!
What happens in stomatitis is that gingivitis, or inflammation of the gums, spreads to the entire mouth. We don't know what causes this gingivitis in the first place. It is almost always a bacterium that is doing most of the damage, but we think this bacterium is not the true culprit. Pathology reports in virtually all cases of this disease suggest an underlying problem in the immune system. Originally, feline leukemia virus (Felv) and feline aids virus (FIV) were though to be the culprits, but they turned out to play a much smaller role than once thought. Felv-positive cats have not been shown to have a higher incidence. Still, because of the treatments used, we need to check FIV and Felv status. We also need to biopsy the gums because one form of oral cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, can mimic this disease.
If your cat has this disease, one of the first things you will notice is a lot of drooling and a foul odor from the mouth. Some of the early signs are also less grooming, a loss of appetite and maybe even less playing with you. When the disease progresses, you may notice weight loss and pain when eating. Severely affected cats will appear anorectic, may become febrile, and may show bleeding or crusty gums.
The disease is actually very easy for your veterinarian to diagnose; one good look (usually under sedation) is all that is needed to identify this disease. The hard part comes in trying to figure out not only why it occurs, but also how to manage it. Tests such as complete blood counts and viral tests (FIV and Felv) should be performed. Radiographs (x-rays) of the oral cavity will tell us how the tooth structures (such as roots, etc.) are doing and will guide extractions. Bacterial cultures can direct appropriate antibiotic therapy.
The next step is to anesthetize your cat and do a complete dental cleaning. This includes deep root planing of the gums, scaling and polishing of the teeth, and extraction of those that are diseased. Then the appropriate antibiotics and oral rinses for home care will be prescribed. Now the ball is in your court, but the game is certainly not over!
Often we can control this intense inflammation in your cat's mouth with proper oral hygiene and antibiotics. But often we cannot. Understand that the basic mechanism of this disease is that immune cells in your cat's gums are overreacting to something believe it or not, usually the teeth. We need to quiet down this inflammation. In some cases, we need to use cortisone injections into the gums or oral cortisone to keep things under control.
More often than that though, the best treatment is to extract the teeth in the areas of the mouth that are so severely inflamed. These teeth are almost always the molars and premolars. I have dealt with too many cases of this to dance lightly around the issue. In severe cases, I've tried dental cleanings every six to eight weeks, antibiotics, and several different forms of cortisone (i.e., prednisone, triamcinolone, or depomedrol), all with little or no relief of this painful condition. Multiple or even full mouth extractions may be required, but this just seems too drastic to many owners. I just wish you could see how happy these cats are once the teeth are extracted and the gums return to a normal pink state. Four or five days of post-operative discomfort, which can be controlled with pain medication, and you will have your happy cat back. And don't worry for a second about how your cat will eat without many of his or her teeth.
Don't get me wrong! I always advocate trying to control this condition without extracting all my patient's teeth. I just don't want you to be too afraid to have your veterinarian perform multiple extractions if all else is failing. If you want, I can get you some testimonials!




Feline Stomatitis
Severe gingovo stomatitis



Cats can be affected by inflammation of the entire mouth, called stomatitis or lymphocytic plasmacytic syndrome (LPGS). An immune related cause is suspected, due to the large amount of plasma cells encountered on microscopic examination of the inflamed tissues. Many cats affected by LPS will be unable to eat, develop weight loss, and have excess salivation. Oral examination often reveals a "cobble stone"-like redness in the throat area and severe inflammation where the tooth and gums meet. The premolar and molar areas are usually affected more than the canines and incisors. Intraoral x-rays often reveal moderate to severe periodontal disease. In addition to generalized inflammation, all stages of feline ondontoclastic resorptive lesions may be present.

Ulceration of a cat's
pharynx due to feline
stomatitis


In the past, therapy options for feline stomatitis included thorough teeth cleaning and polishing, fluoride, corticosteroids, gold therapy, antibiotics, lasers, and strict daily brushing . In most cases, cats were only temporarily helped with these therapies.

Resolution of ulcers
two weeks
after extraction of
cheek teeth

Newer treatment options include general cleaning, polishing, application of fluoride, and extraction of those teeth affected by FORLs or severe periodontal disease. Additionally, A CO2 laser is used to treat inflamed tissues and decrease pain. In addition, a home care program is begun. The client is instructed how to brush their cat's teeth daily, followed by irrigation with .2% chlorhexidine. If the initial treatment does not succeed within two months, then all remaining teeth are removed behind the canines. Although somewhat radical, in most cases this will provide long term success.



在国外口腔溃疡的病是十分常见的，此信息有美国的小V提供。
最终的解决方法是拔牙！！

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-2-1 9:11:49编辑过]

milan

楼上的那个饭吃完了没有
干活呀
[em46]

栋梁

鬼佬都要求验咗白血病同爱滋先的~

sundae

小小翻譯一下.

關於
1. 中文水平有限,可能有錯,大家將就一下.
2. 中文翻譯請勿轉載,而無論全部或部分,或者你以商業翻譯的價格來購買,我就沒有意見了.

Feline stomatitis is a relatively common disease in cats that is, unfortunately, poorly understood. Stomatitis has a general condition that indicates inflammation of the oral cavity. This is a very painful disease; most owners bring in their cats for excessive drooling and lack of appetite. The disease is painful and difficult to manage. The story usually has a happy ending, but getting there can be a rough road!
「貓科動物口腔炎癥」是一種相對來說在貓身上比較常見的疾病,很不幸地,仍然未被了解清楚.口腔炎癥有一個普遍的癥狀,可以從口腔的紅腫上看出.這是一種非常痛苦的疾病,大多數的主人都會因他們的貓咪過多地流口水和缺乏食欲而把他們帶來診所.這個疾病是比較痛苦的而且較難去處理.故事通常都會有一個快樂的結局,但要到達那裡可能需要通過一條艱苦的道路.

What happens in stomatitis is that gingivitis, or inflammation of the gums, spreads to the entire mouth. We don't know what causes this gingivitis in the first place. It is almost always a bacterium that is doing most of the damage, but we think this bacterium is not the true culprit. Pathology reports in virtually all cases of this disease suggest an underlying problem in the immune system. Originally, feline leukemia virus (Felv) and feline aids virus (FIV) were though to be the culprits, but they turned out to play a much smaller role than once thought. Felv-positive cats have not been shown to have a higher incidence. Still, because of the treatments used, we need to check FIV and Felv status. We also need to biopsy the gums because one form of oral cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, can mimic this disease.
口腔炎癥會使得牙齦發炎,或牙齦紅腫,擴散致整個口腔.我們不知道首先引起這個發炎的東西是甚麼.經常地那裡總是由細菌造成大部分的傷害,但是我們認為這個細菌並不是真正的犯人.事實上所有這種疾病的個案的病理學報告均提及了一個免疫系統的隱藏問題.最初,貓科類白血病病毒(Felv)和貓科類愛滋病病毒(FIV)都被認為是元兇,但認真思慮之下他們又並非擔演著如此重要的角色.貓科類白血病病毒測試呈陽性的貓,並沒有顯示出存在更高的患病機率.仍然,因為治療的需要,我們需要檢查FIV和Felv的狀態.我們也需要給牙齦做組織切片檢查,因為這也是口腔癌,扁平細胞癌的相似癥狀.

If your cat has this disease, one of the first things you will notice is a lot of drooling and a foul odor from the mouth. Some of the early signs are also less grooming, a loss of appetite and maybe even less playing with you. When the disease progresses, you may notice weight loss and pain when eating. Severely affected cats will appear anorectic, may become febrile, and may show bleeding or crusty gums.
如果你的貓患了這種疾病,其中之一你首先會注意到的是,大量的流口水和口腔的惡臭氣味.一些早期癥狀同樣也是容易被發現的,缺乏食欲,和可能更少地愿意和你一起玩.當這個疾病發展的時候,你會留意到體重的減輕和飲食時的痛苦.受嚴重影響的貓會表現出厭食,會發熱,或者表現出流血和帶有硬殼樣的牙齦.

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-2-12 22:14:54编辑过]

sundae

先爬去吃飯...

郑美智

我救助的白猫也是口腔问题,上阵子拿去拔牙了,但现在还是不时有流口水. 怎么办呢??

botou(煲头)

拔了3只，第一，二只是小V家的阿雅和白毛毛，阿雅拔得不够干净，还流口水，不过胃口特好明显改善了体形。第3只是桔，因这病影响猫的免疫系统，令患病的猫变得很虚弱，桔的体重才2斤，好几次医生告诫此猫有可能死在手术台上，可是不做手术，猫的结局也会死，我还是拼下。年初三晚上渡过了不到15分钟的惊心动魄，桔很坚强，现在在家恢复中。。。。

栋梁

上帝保佑!!!!!!!!!!!!![em06][em07]

yeson

关注拔牙后的进展